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    Effects of chronotype on Mediterranean diet adherence and appetite status in young adults
    (2025) Ozlu, Tugce; Sarıyer, Esra Tansu; Arslan, Ezgi; Çevik, Ekin; Çolak, Hatice
    Chronotypes are classified as morning, evening, and intermediate types, and individuals with evening chronotypes are thought to have less healthy diets. Studies on the chronotypes of young adults at risk for disordered eating and sleep habits and the effects of chronotypes on nutrition are limited. Our study aimed to evaluate appetite status and Mediterranean diet scores according to chronotypes in young adults. The study was conducted in a cross-sectional design on 362 healthy young adults aged 18-35 years. Participants’ appetite status, chronotype categories, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet were determined using scales. The data from the study were analysed using SPSS 28.0 software. According to the results of the study, morning chronotype individuals (7.69±0.31) adhere to the Mediterranean diet more than evening chronotype individuals (6.54±0.28) (p=0.002). A negative correlation was found between Mediterranean diet scores and evening (R=-0.184, p=0.000) and screen-based appetite (R=-0.104, p=0.048). However, no significant differences were found between chronotypes regarding appetite status (p>0.05). This study revealed that individuals in the morning chronotype showed higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet and that individuals in the evening chronotype are a group that needs more attention in terms of nutrition. These findings may contribute to the development of nutrition and health policies.
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    Impact of dietary inflammatory index on gingival health
    (Wiley, 2023) Reis, Roberta Andrade; Stolf, Camila Schmidt; Sampaio, Helena Alves de Carvalho; Silva, Bruna Yhang da Costa; Ozlu, Tugce; Kenger, Emre Batuhan; Miguel, Manuela Maria Vianal
    BackgroundPeriodontal disease is a biofilm-dependent chronic inflammatory condition triggered by a host response. Several factors impact systemic inflammation and could lead to changes in disease pathogenesis. Recently, studies have assessed the influence of nutritional patterns on the development of periodontitis. In the present cross-sectional study, we evaluated the dietary inflammatory profile on periodontal conditions, focusing on clinical, subgingival microbial, and cytokine assessment of individuals with periodontal health or gingivitis.MethodsOne hundred patients with periodontal health or gingivitis were included. Plaque index (PI), Bleeding on probing (BoP), the probing depth (PD), and the clinical attachment level (CAL) for each patient were assessed. Nutritional data and the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) were recorded by two 24-h food recalls on non-consecutive days. Biofilm and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) to assess the microbiome profile and inflammatory biomarkers were collected. Multiple regressions focused on the DII, age, and sex as predictors of periodontal conditions were done.ResultsAge and moderate DII scores increased the risk of gingivitis by 1.64 and 3.94 times, respectively. Males with an elevated DII score had 27.15 times higher odds of being diagnosed with gingivitis and BoP (beta = 6.54; p = 0.03). Elderly patients with a moderate or high DII score were less prone to gingivitis and increased BoP (p < 0.04) compared with younger subjects. Considering the DII, there were no differences in microbial alpha and beta diversity; however, distinct species abundance and a higher concentration of monocyte-chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin 33 were seen in patients with a higher DII.ConclusionA pro-inflammatory diet significantly contributes to periodontal inflammation, modulating inflammatory biomarkers and affecting the subgingival microbial community in healthy individuals.