Graduate Programs Institute Thesis Collection

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https://hdl.handle.net/11411/1979

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Negative emotion expression and emotion regulation in regulation focused psychotherapy for children (rfp-c) with externalizing and comorbid internalizing/externalizing problems
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 17/06/2025) Eğrilmez, Duru
Emotion regulation refers to how children utilize various strategies to manage the intensity and duration of their emotions, as well as the way they process emotional experiences. Difficulties in emotion regulation have been linked to the development of externalizing problems in children leading to growing emphasis on therapeutic approaches that address these regulatory difficulties. Regulation Focused Psychotherapy for Children (RFP-C) is a time-limited psychodynamic treatment model developed for children aged 5 to 12 who exhibit externalizing problems. In RFP-C, externalizing behaviors are conceptualized as maladaptive defenses against unbearable emotions such as sadness, shame or guilt, resulting from impairments in implicit emotion regulation capacity. By systematically interpreting children’s defenses, the therapist aims to help the child increase emotional tolerance and find adaptive ways to express these unbearable feelings. While limited research has demonstrated the effectiveness of RFP-C in reducing externalizing symptoms and improving emotion regulation, there remains a lack of empirical studies investigating how affective processes evolve throughout therapy. The present study aimed to examine how children’s emotion regulation and negative emotion expression change over the course of RFP-C, using the Children’s Play Therapy Instrument. It was hypothesized that anger expression would decrease while sadness expression and emotion regulation would increase over the course of therapy. The study was conducted as part of a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) at Istanbul Bilgi University. The sample consisted of 34 school-aged children with externalizing and comorbid internalizing/externalizing problems. Three therapy sessions per child were coded for affect regulation and affect expression using the CPTI. Repeated measures ANOVAs revealed a significant increase in anger expression across sessions, while sadness expression and affect regulation remained stable. These findings suggest that increased anger expression may reflect a shift from defensive acting out to symbolic processing of aggression through play. The stability of sadness expression highlights the need for more sensitive tools to detect subtle emotional changes, while the absence of change in emotion regulation may reflect the non-linear nature of therapeutic progress and highlight the need for more frequent session-level assessments and fine-grained analytic methods to detect subtle changes over time.
Marginalised everywhere!: A study on the social integration experiences of queer individuals from Türkiye in Berlin, Germany
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 26/06/2025) Dikmen, Durmuş
Since 2010, the increasingly authoritarian political climate in Türkiye has led to systematic human rights violations and further exclusion of queer individuals from the public sphere. This tendency intensified particularly after the 2013 Gezi Protests, resulting in a visible increase in queer migration from the country. However, the increasing migration to Germany cannot solve the structural and social challenges faced by Türkiyeli queer individuals, even though their numbers have risen, as the complex and multilayered conditions of the migration context continue to persist. In this framework, this research examines the migration trajectories of queer individuals who have relocated from Türkiye to Berlin, with a particular focus on the role of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in the process of social integration. Based on the intersectionality approach and the theory of social integration, this research explores how intersecting identity axes shape the experiences of queer migrants. Through qualitative research and semi-structured interviews, the research offers an empirical analysis of how NGOs contribute to the integration of Türkiyeli queer migrants in Berlin. The findings indicate that the fragility of NGO institutional structures, the broader political environment, and the migrants’ dependency on social service professionals emerge as key factors influencing integration processes. In conclusion, this research highlights both the facilitating and limiting dimensions of NGO involvement. It reveals how civil society actors, despite their limitations, can serve as vital intermediaries in the resettlement and sense of belonging of migrants.
Liyofilize kızılcık (Cornus Mas L.) ile fonksiyonel gıda olarak soğuk cay geliştirilmesi ve duyusal analizlerinin yapılması
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 29/05/2025) Bahçekapılı, Dolunay
N/A
Türk ve Avrupa birliği rekabet hukukunda internet satış kısıtlamaları
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 08/05/2025) Eser, Doğan
Bu tez, internet satış kısıtlamalarının Türk ve Avrupa Birliği rekabet hukuku kapsamında düzenlenmesini karşılaştırmalı bir analiz çerçevesinde incelemektedir. Ticaretin dijital dönüşümü ve e-ticaretin yaygınlaşması, geleneksel rekabet hukuku yaklaşımları açısından önemli zorluklar yaratmıştır. Temel araştırma sorusu, mevcut rekabet hukuku düzenlemelerinin dijital ekonominin kendine özgü dinamiklerini ne ölçüde karşılayabildiği ve internet satış kısıtlamalarının hangi koşullarda meşru kabul edilebileceği üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışma hem doktrinel hem de karşılaştırmalı hukuk yöntemlerini kullanmaktadır. Her iki hukuk sistemindeki düzenleyici çerçeveleri, mahkeme kararlarını ve rekabet otoritesi uygulamalarını inceleyerek bunların dijital ekonominin ihtiyaçlarını karşılama kapasitesini değerlendirmektedir. Özellikle 2022/720 sayılı yeni AB Tüzüğü ve Türk rekabet hukukundaki güncel gelişmeler üzerinde durulmaktadır. Bulgular, Türk rekabet hukukunun başlangıçta AB uygulamalarını takip etmesine rağmen, özellikle platform satış kısıtlamaları konusunda kendine özgü bir yaklaşım geliştirdiğini göstermektedir. Türk Rekabet Kurumu, özellikle pazar yeri yasakları ve ikili fiyatlandırma konularında AB’nin esnek yaklaşımına kıyasla daha katı bir tutum benimsemektedir. Bu farklılaşmanın temelinde, e-ticaret platformlarının Türk tüketici tercihlerindeki baskın rolü ve KOBİ’lerin bu platformlara olan bağımlılığı yatmaktadır. Tez, mevcut hukuki çerçevelerin sistematik bir analizini sunarak, AB ve Türk yaklaşımları arasındaki farklılıkları ortaya koyarak ve dijital pazarlara yönelik yeni düzenleyici yaklaşımlar önererek literatüre katkı sağlamaktadır. Çalışma hem yerel pazar dinamiklerini hem de uluslararası uygulamaları dikkate alan dengeli bir düzenleyici çerçeve geliştirilmesine yönelik politika önerileriyle sonuçlanmaktadır.
Reklamda baba temsili: Basılı medyada babalar günü reklamlarının içerik analizi ve göstergebilimsel analiz yöntemiyle incelenmesi
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 30/06/2025) Muran, Dilay
Toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri, medya içerikleri aracılığıyla sürekli olarak yeniden üretilmekte ve yaygınlaştırılmaktadır. Reklamlar da bu sürecin önemli bir parçası olarak, aile içi rolleri ve özellikle ebeveynlik biçimlerini temsil ederken toplumsal normları pekiştirici ya da dönüştürücü işlev görebilir. Kadınlık ve annelik temsilleri akademik çalışmalarda sıklıkla öncelikli bir yer tutsa da, erkeklik ve babalık temsilleri de toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin ön kabullerin anlaşılmasında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de basılı medyada yer alan Babalar Günü reklamları üzerinden, medyada şekillenen babalık temsillerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu analizle, söz konusu dönemlerde hangi babalık temsillerinin reklam anlatılarında daha baskın olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Araştırmada iki aşamalı bir metodoloji benimsenmiştir. İlk aşamada, geleneksel ve yenilikçi babalık temsillerine ilişkin bir sınıflandırma oluşturulmuş; içerik analizi yöntemiyle dört farklı dönemi (1990, 2000, 2010 ve 2020) kapsayan 166 reklam incelenmiştir. Bu analizle, söz konusu dönemlerde hangi babalık temsillerine reklam anlatılarında daha fazla yer verildiği ortaya konmuştur. İkinci aşamada ise, her bir dönemden amaçlı örnekleme yoluyla seçilen toplam 15 reklam göstergebilimsel analiz yöntemiyle incelenmiş; söz konusu babalık temsillerinin hangi görsel ve söylemsel göstergeler aracılığıyla inşa edildiği değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, modern ve yeni babalık anlayışının yükselişi, geleneksel babalığın tamamen ortadan kalkmasına yol açmamakta, her iki temsil biçimi bir arada varlığını sürdürmektedir. Her iki analiz yöntemi, dönemsel karşılaştırmalar yapmaya olanak sağlayarak toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri, baba figürü ve erkeklik kimliğinin temsillerindeki değişim ve dönüşümün reklamlar aracılığıyla nasıl yansıtıldığını ortaya koymuştur. Araştırmanın bulguları, geleneksel baba temsillerinin reklam anlatılarındaki etkisini tamamen yitirmediğini; ancak duygusal ve ilgili baba temsillerinin de görünürlük kazandığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, modern babalık anlayışının yükselişi, geleneksel babalığı tamamen ortadan kalkmasına yol açmamakta, her iki temsil biçimi bir arada varlığını sürdürmektedir. Çalışmanın bulguları reklamlarda babalık temsillerinin dönüşümüne ışık tutarken, reklam ve toplumsal cinsiyet temalı akademik tartışmalara da katkı sağlamaktadır.
Community and melancholy: Loss and identification
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 23/01/2025) Özçimen, Damla
This thesis explores the relationship between singularity, community, loss, melancholy, and identification, offering a reimagined framework for understanding community. Drawing on the works of Jean-Luc Nancy, Maurice Blanchot, Giorgio Agamben, Judith Butler, and Sigmund Freud, it examines how communities can form not through fixed identities or immanence but through shared vulnerability, finitude, death and the acknowledgment of loss. Freud’s and Butler’s theories of mourning, melancholy, and identification provide key insights into how loss shapes both individual and identities. Melancholy, as an ongoing engagement with absence, reveals how communities can emerge around shared experiences of incompleteness and singularity rather than unity or totality. The thesis argues that rethinking community through these concepts provides an alternative to totalitarian and individualist paradigms. By embracing insufficiency, difference, and the unrepresentable, it becomes possible to imagine a community that transcends normative conformity while fostering ecstatic relation to the other.
From drawings to feelings: Exploring the relationship between children’s family drawings, attachment and emotion regulation
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 18/06/2025) Kösem, Ceyhan Büşra
Children’s family drawings are commonly associated with attachment, however research on how emotion regulation plays a role in this relationship is quite limited. This study aimed to investigate how children’s emotion regulation capacities and attachment are reflected in the themes that emerge in their drawings. A total of 86 children aged between 6 to 12 and their mothers participated in this study. Children’s attachment security and prototypes were assessed by the Attachment Story Completion Task (ASCT) completed by the children, whereas their emotion regulation capacities were obtained from the Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC) completed by their mothers. The family drawings were rated based on Global Rating Scales (vitality/creativity, family pride/happiness, vulnerability, emotional distance/isolation, tension/anger, role reversal, bizarreness/dissociation, and global pathology). Gender, age, and intelligence were controlled in the analyses. Findings showed that attachment insecurity and role reversal theme in the family drawings had a significant relationship, however the other family drawing themes did not show a significant relationship with the attachment and emotion regulation variables. The study’s findings and limitations are evaluated and suggestions for future research and clinical practice are discussed.
Öğretmenlerin sağlıklı ve sürdürülebilir beslenme davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 18/04/2025) Atilla, Ceyda
Bu çalışma Ocak 2024 - Nisan 2024 tarihleri arasında Edirne ilinde görev yapan, 18-64 yaş aralığındaki (ortalama 38,59±9,90 yıl) toplam 44 (30 kadın, 14 erkek) öğretmenin sağlıklı beslenme, sürdürülebilirlik konularındaki bilgi ve farkındalıklarını değerlendirmeyi ve arttırmayı amaçlamıştır. Sosyodemografik bilgiler, sağlık bilgileri, beslenme alışkanlıkları ve 24 saatlik besin tüketim kaydı, antropometrik ölçümler (biyoelektrik impedans (BİA), vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu, beden kütle indeksi (BKİ)), Sağlıklı Beslenmeye İlişkin Tutum Ölçeği (SBİTÖ) ve Sürdürülebilir Beslenmeye Yönelik Davranış Ölçeği (SBYDÖ) anket formuna yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile kaydedilmiştir. Öğretmenlere anket formunun uygulanmasından sonra araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan “Sağlıklı ve Sürdürülebilir Beslenme Eğitimi” verilmiş ve SBİTÖ, SBYDÖ ölçekleri eğitim sonrası ve eğitim sonrası 1. ay bilgi düzeylerindeki değişimi değerlendirmek için tekrar uygulanmıştır. Öğretmenlerin eğitim öncesi ve eğitim sonrası 1. ayda BİA ölçümleri tekrar kaydedilmiştir. Katılımcılardan erkeklerin BKİ değerleri 19,96±4,85 kg/m2, kadınların BKİ değerleri 24,17±3,46 kg/m2‘dir. Katılımcıların BKİ sınıflandırmasına bakıldığında %50’sinin normal sınıfında olduğu, %29,5’inin hafif şişman sınıfında olduğu, %20,5’inin obez sınıfında olduğu görülmektedir. Katılımcılardan sürdürülebilirlik kavramını %63,6 daha önce duymazken, %36,4 daha önce duymuştur. Katılımcılardan iklim değişikliği konusunda endişelenenler %86,4 iken endişelenmeyenler %13,6’dır. Katılımcıların vücut ağırlığı ve kas kütlesinin eğitim sonrasında eğitim öncesine göre arttığı gözlenirken, yağ oranında azalma görülmüştür ancak bu değişimler istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Toplam katılımcılar SBİTÖ toplam puanında, beslenme hakkında bilgi (BHB) ve olumlu beslenme (OB) olumlu alt boyutlarında, SBYDÖ toplam puanında ve SBYDÖ tüm alt boyutlarında eğitim süreçlerine göre fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur. SBİTÖ ve SBYDÖ arasındaki korelasyon ilişkisine bakıldığında pozitif yönlü bir ilişkinin varlığı görülmüştür.
Could i satiate the absence in me?: A glance to the dreams of the people with disordered eating habits
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 20/06/2025) Özkan, Ceren
The present study aimed to examine whether individuals with disordered eating habits differ in their dream content compared to those without such tendencies. A total of 216 participants completed a Demographic Information Form, the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire – 13 (EDE – Q – 13), and the Dream Themes Scale. Preliminary analyses indicated that age, gender, and psychiatric diagnosis significantly affected dream themes; these variables were then controlled in the main analyses. A new grouping variable was created to observe both the combined and individual effects of disordered eating and psychiatric diagnosis. Results from MANOVA analyses revealed that individuals with psychiatric diagnosis and high disordered eating habits had significantly more negative-, anxiety-, fear-, and inhibition-themed dreams compared to individuals with no psychiatric diagnosis and low disordered eating habits. Additionally, participants with no psychiatric diagnosis high disordered eating habits reported significantly more anxiety-themed dreams compared to individuals with no psychiatric diagnosis low disordered eating habits. Disordered eating combined with psychiatric diagnosis was also found to be related to anxiety-, and fear- related dream themes. These differences were interpreted using psychoanalytical theories, as well as contemporary dream theories. Overall, the findings suggest that disordered eating behaviors may be associated with specific dream patterns, reflecting underlying emotional conflicts, possible trauma residues, and defensive processes. These results highlight the symbolic value of dreams in understanding psychic dynamics and suggest new directions for further research on dream content in clinical and non-clinical populations.
The role of uncertainty in psychotherapy: A qualitative study with early-career therapists
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 10/06/2025) Erkoç, Zehra
Uncertainty has increasingly been recognized as an essential and transformative aspect of therapeutic practice in contemporary psychoanalytic literature. Yet, the emotional and experiential dimensions of engaging with uncertainty—particularly for early-career psychotherapists—remain underexplored. This study aimed to address this gap by examining how novice therapists make sense of, experience, and respond to clinical uncertainty. Eight early-career therapists who had between one to five years of experience in Türkiye participated in semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings revealed a dynamic process in which participants initially encountered uncertainty as a source of anxiety accompanied by a need for clarity and control. At times, this discomfort led them to mentally withdraw or distract themselves. In some cases, their responses appeared to be shaped by past relational experiences and developmental challenges. Moreover, many participants described a feeling of self-doubt and questioned their adequacy. The specific socio-cultural and professional landscape in Türkiye also appeared to shape how participants related to uncertainty. Over time, however, with the support of supervision, peer relationships, and personal therapy, participants shared that they began to develop a greater tolerance for ambiguity. They described a shift toward more realistic self-placement, increased reflective capacity, and a growing openness to complexity. These findings emphasize the value of understanding uncertainty as a formative and relational element woven into the journey of becoming a therapist. Clinical implications of the findings, as well as the study’s limitations and suggestions for future research, are discussed.
The interplay of names: Immigration policies and human needs in the context of Syrians living in Türkiye under different labels
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 13/06/2025) Faraman, Zeid
This thesis examines the intricate lives of Syrians in Türkiye under shifting legal classifications, analyzing how immigration policies impact basic human needs. It argues that labels for displaced populations are not just bureaucratic tools, but powerful instruments of governance that deeply shape their identity, rights, and sense of belonging. The analysis uses the complementary perspectives of Michel Foucault's theories on power and discourse and Simone Weil's ethical framework. Drawing on Foucault's concepts of biopolitics and governmentality, the thesis examines how terms like "guest" and "temporary protection" have shaped perceptions of Syrians in Türkiye. Weil's concepts of rootedness and affliction provide an ethical lens to assess the human cost and spiritual harm of these policies. The study uses a qualitative method that combines Foucauldian discourse analysis with a Weilian ethical evaluation, drawing on legal documents, media reports, and academic research. This dual approach allows for an examination of both macro-level power dynamics and their immediate, often detrimental, effects on individuals. Findings show that Türkiye's refugee policies have worsened social and economic conditions, hindered integration, and harmed mental well-being, creating profound rootlessness and suffering. By combining Foucault's critique of power with Weil's ethics, this thesis argues that current refugee management practices are profoundly unethical. It concludes by advocating for a more just, human-centered approach that honors the dignity and needs of every displaced person.
Women’s experiences of gaslighting in romantic relationships in Türkiye: A qualitative study
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 12/06/2025) Gülbağ, Zeynep
Gaslighting is an under-researched topic in which the survivor’s knowing abilities regarding her sense of self and reality are diminished by another person. Despite the growing interest, the term remains largely invisible in intimate partner violence literature and requires further research. Although studies in Türkiye mention the psychological impacts of gaslighting, the experience of survivors is not adequately studied. To address this gap in the literature, the current study explores the women’s experience of gaslighting in romantic relationships in Türkiye. The research questions focused on how women experience and name gaslighting, their separation process, and how they cope with it during and after the relationship. Semi-structured interviews with 10 women aged 20-28, who have reported experiencing gaslighting in past relationships, were completed. Based on the thematic analysis conducted with the MAXQDA 2024 program, three main themes were derived: Gaslighting as Asserting Power, Experiencing Gaslighting, and Coping Through Learning and Growth. The impact of gender roles on the experience of gaslighting is discussed in the context of Feminist Theory as the explanatory framework. Whereas the experience of gaslighting induced self-doubt and diminished the sense of reality in the survivor, belief in idealized love and receiving reassurance from a third party were the other common experiences. The gradual escalation of emotional turmoil weakened the narrative of the partner, paving the way for separation and naming gaslighting. In addition to the clinical implications, strengths and limitations of the study are discussed; the self-protection strategies and empowerment of women are emphasized.
Kişisel verilerin korunması kanunu çerçevesinde dijital platformlardaki kişisel veri işleme uygulamalarının değerlendirilmesi
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 07/10/2024) Ceyhan, Ceren
Bu tez, dijital platformlarda kişisel verilerin işlenmesi konusunu ele almaktadır. İlk bölümde, kişisel veri kavramı ve özel nitelikli kişisel veriler açıklanarak, kişisel verilerin tanımı yapılmaktadır. Ayrıca, dijital platform kavramı üzerinde durulmakta ve dijital platformların kişisel veri kullanımı incelenmektedir. Dijital platformların 6698 sayılı Kişisel Verilerin Korunması Kanunu (“KVKK”) uyarınca veri sorumlusu statüsü, veri sorumlularının yükümlülüklerine ilişkin konular ele alınmaktadır. İkinci bölüm, dijital platformlarda kişisel verilerin işlenmesi bakımından özel konuları kapsamaktadır. Bu bölümde yurt dışına veri aktarımı, çerezler ile kişisel veri işleme faaliyetleri, platformların pazarlama faaliyetleri ve ilgili kişilerin hakları konuları işlenmektedir. Özellikle 12 Mart 2024 değişiklikleri sonrası yurt dışına veri aktarım kuralları ve Avrupa Birliği Genel Veri Koruma Tüzüğü (General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) ile KVKK’daki ilgili kişi haklarının karşılaştırılması yapılmaktadır. Üçüncü bölümde, dijital platformlarda kişisel veri güvenliği üzerinde durulmaktadır. Bu bölüm, dijital platformlardaki kişisel verilerin güvenliği için alınabilecek teknik ve idari tedbirleri Kişisel Verileri Koruma Kurulu’nun (“Kurul”) kararları ışığında dijital platformların mahremiyet endişelerini ve kişisel veri ihlal bildirimlerini kapsamaktadır. Sonuç bölümünde yapılan çalışmaların genel bir değerlendirilmesi yapılmakta ve dijital platformlarda kişisel veri işleme faaliyetleri için öneriler sunulmaktadır.
Adölesan sporcularda beslenme bilgisi, tutumları, davranışları ve gelecekteki eğitim ihtiyaçları ölçeğinin Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 22/04/2025) Güneş, Cenk Yiğit
Adölesan sporcular için iyi bir beslenme bilgisi, büyüme ve gelişmenin yanı sıra performanslarını arttırmaya, sakatlıkları önlemeye ve iyileşmeyi hızlandırmaya katkıda bulunur. Sporcuların beslenme bilgisini araştıran çalışmalar olmasına karşın, adölesan dönemdeki sporcular için bir ölçek bulunmamaktadır. Çalışmamızda adölesan sporcular için Walsh ve arkadaşları tarafından geliştirilen beslenmesi bilgisi, tutumları, davranışları ve gelecekteki eğitim ihtiyaçları ölçeğinin Türkçe’ye geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması yapılmıştır. Anket tercümesinde çeviri geri-çeviri tekniği kullanılmış, Türk dili ve kültürüne uygun hale getirilerek 40 kişi ile pilot çalışma yapılmıştır. Ölçek geçerlilik ve güvenilirliğinin sağlanmasında Cronbach'ın alfa katsayısı ve sınıf içi korelasyon katsayısı hesaplamaları kullanılmıştır. Çalışma bir spor kulübünde veya spor lisesinde en az 1 yıldır eğitim alan, 15-18 yaş ve arasında toplam 385 sporcunun katılımı ile yapılmıştır. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 15,79±1,04 yıldır. Sporcuların beslenmesi bilgi puanı genel ortalaması 7,42±2,17 puan, enerji ve yakıtları yeniden doldurmak 3,32±1,14 puan, hidrasyondan 1,71±0,78 puan, takviyelerden 1,30±0,87 puan, proteinlerden 1,08±0,86 puandır. Beslenmesi bilgisi soruları için hesaplanan cronbach alfa Katsayısı değerleri enerji ve yakıtları yeniden doldurmak için 0,723, hidrasyon için 0,752, takviyeler için 0,774 ve proteinler içi 0,751 ve sporcu beslenmesi bilgisi geneli için 0,837 bulunmuştur. Sporcu beslenmesi bilgisi soruları için hesaplanan sınıfiçi korelasyon katsayıları enerji ve yakıtları yeniden doldurmak için 0,939, hidrasyon için 0,917, takviyeler için 0,965 ve proteinler için 0,901 ve sporcu beslenmesi bilgisi geneli için 0,946 bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, ölçeğin Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin değerlendirilmesi sağlanan bu ölçeğin, Türk adölesan sporcuların beslenme durumunu değerlendirmede kullanılması uygundur ve önerilmektedir. Güç kuvvet sporları yapan sporcuların takviyeler ve proteinler alt boyutlarından daha yüksek puan aldığı tespit edilmiştir. Sporcuların yaşı, boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı ve BKİ değerleriyle beslenme bilgisi arasında pozitif ilişki bulunmuştur.
The impact of violation type and presence of apology on purchase intention through perceived justice, trust and anger
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 22/04/2025) Yücesal, Cengiz Emre
In today’s competitive and reputation-sensitive marketplace, businesses are evaluated not only on their product and service quality but also on how they respond to crises. This study investigates the impact of marketing violations and crisis response strategies on consumer perceptions, emotions, and behavioral intentions. Specifically, it explores how the type of violation (internal vs. external) and the presence of an apology affect perceived justice and consumer trust. These, in turn, influence consumer anger and purchase intention. Grounded in attribution and justice theory, a conceptual model with seven hypotheses was developed. Internal violations are proposed to negatively affect perceived justice and trust, while an apology is expected to positively influence both. Reduced anger is predicted when justice and trust are perceived, ultimately leading to higher purchase intention. An experimental design was implemented through an A/B test using an online questionnaire. Participants were randomly assigned to crisis scenarios varying by violation type and apology presence. Measures included perceived justice, trust, anger, and purchase intention. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses. The findings aim to contribute to the crisis communication and consumer behavior literature by offering insights into how consumers process brand crises. Practically, the results provide guidance for brand managers on the strategic use of apology and message framing to mitigate reputational damage and maintain consumer loyalty.
The visual scent: How imagery shapes perception in marketing
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 24/04/2025) Seyrek, Cemre Naz
The integration of the visual and olfactory cues in marketing is effective due to the fact that the brain is capable of creating sensory experiences, especially the multi-sensorial ones, which have a great impact on consumer perception and behaviour. Visual images are the most frequently used forms of mental imagery, which can lead to sensory experience of smell, and activate regions of the brain that are associated with memory and sensory functions. This ability empowers the consumers to create very clear and detailed images in their minds, which in turn influences their mood, preferences and buying products’ choices. appeal Such through visuals associating that them recreate with scents memories, can thus increase making the the products more desirable and creating a stronger emotional linkage. These visual cues are effective only when they are congruent with the product’s features with the aim of achieving a harmonious sensory experience. Since people become more sensitive to the multimodal signals, brands are looking for new ways of how to include visual and olfactory elements into marketing to increase brand awareness, user involvement, and purchase intention. It is not only important to the marketing field but also to VR, therapeutic environments, and others, as it shows the importance of sensory integration in consumer experiences.
Do specific personalized recommendations cause more harm than good to social identity? A moderated mediation model
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 17/06/2025) Selcan, Burcu
This dissertation investigates how personalized product recommendations—whether from human or artificial intelligence recommenders (AI-R)—can unintentionally trigger adverse psychological reactions such as social identity threats, particularly when the product or its presentation is associated with dissociative reference groups. The scope of this research explores the influence of the signaling content of a reference group (associative vs. dissociative), the recommender type (AI vs. humans), and identifying moderators such as collective self-esteem (CSE), stereotype-related fear of negative evaluation (SR-FNE), and the possibility of price discounts overriding identity threat concerns and perceived price (PP) that shape consumers' reactions. A pretest and two studies with 510 participants from a diverse Turkish sample showed that even accurate product recommendations can lead to negative feelings when the product is linked to a group from which someone wants to dissociate. While the recommender type (H1) did not yield a significant main effect, subgroup analyses revealed differential responses based on age and gender. A significant effect was found for reference group imagery (H2): dissociative visuals led to lower product liking and higher SIT, supporting H3’s mediation model. PROCESS Model 4 confirmed SIT as a significant mediator in the relationship between visual cues and consumer response. Further, PROCESS Models 1 and 14 demonstrated that CSE marginally moderated the effect of reference group type on SIT_DC, while SR-FNE did not significantly moderate the indirect path. Hypothesis H7 tested a three-way interaction (PROCESS Model 18); CSE and SR-FNE did not consistently moderate these effects, although partial effects were observed in specific recommendation contexts. Further, three-way interactions involving SIT_DC, SR-FNE, and PP, H8 (tested via PROCESS Model 37), showed that limited but suggestive evidence that identity threats have stronger negative impacts when consumers are highly sensitive to social evaluation and perceive higher prices. Overall, the results highlight the importance of social-psychological cues in shaping consumer reactions to recommendation systems. This research contributes to the marketing and human–AI interaction literature by demonstrating that even accurate recommendations may backfire if they evoke identity threats or fears of stereotyping, especially when consumers are highly evaluative or perceive the product as high-value.
Examining the influence of authentic leadership on employees’ intention to leave: The mediatıng role of employee wellbeing & psychological capital
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 03/10/2024) Dural, Burcu
Intention to leave is the strongest predictor of employee turnover behavior before it occurs. Consequently, managing this intention effectively can provide organizations with significant control over employees’ tendency to leave their jobs, one of the most critical challenges in the modern corporate world. This study investigates the interrelationships between authentic leadership as an independent variable, employee wellbeing and psychological capital as a mediator, and turnover intention as a dependent variable. A sample of 152 employees participated in the research, with data collected through self-reported measures. The study employs reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, correlation, mediation and hierarchical regression analyses to test three hypotheses. The findings indicate that authentic leadership is a significant predictor of turnover intention, and its effect is mediated by employee wellbeing. Even though psychological capital shows significant association with dependent and independent variables separately, it individually is not mediate the relationship between authentic leadership and intention to leave. The results highlight the importance of developing authentic leadership and enhancing employee wellbeing to reduce turnover intentions. Practical recommendations for organizations include developing leadership practices, organizational structures to develop financial, social, and intellectual wellbeing of employees and embedding psychological capital and wellbeing metrics into performance appraisals and development plans. Limitations of the study include the small sample size, potential biases from self-reported data, and the cross-sectional design, which limits the ability to establish causality. Future research should aim to address these limitations by including larger and more diverse samples and employing longitudinal designs.
Spinning the social-web of jealousy: A dyadic analysis on attachment and social media jealousy
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 17/06/2025) Karlı, Beyza Nur
This study examines the actor and partner effects of attachment styles on social media jealousy, and the moderation effect of attachment behaviors on this association with a Turkish sample of romantic couples. While existing literature recognizes the relationship between attachment styles and social media jealousy, the moderating role of attachment behaviors has not been previously explored. The sample of the current study included 81 Turkish couples who were recruited through social media, personal networks, and mailing lists and filled out the online surveys on Qualtrics. The data were analyzed with the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) using MPlus Version 8.11, and Actor-Partner Interdependence Moderation Model (APIMoM) through the APIMoM Shiny app developed by David A. Kenny. Our findings showed positive actor effects of both attachment anxiety and avoidance on social media jealousy. While the positive effect of attachment anxiety was expected, the positive effect of attachment avoidance has been observed only in Turkish samples in previous research, similar to our findings. Moreover, we found a significant moderation effect of partner’s attachment behaviors on the association between attachment anxiety and social media jealousy, indicating a buffering effect of partner’s attachment behaviors. The clinical implications of the findings are discussed.
Trends in discussing sexuality among psychotherapists in Türkiye: An exploratory study
(İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, 20/06/2025) Buzluk, Betül
This study examined the factors influencing psychotherapists’ engagement in sexuality-related discussions with clients in Türkiye, addressing a significant gap in the local literature. A sample of 201 therapists, whose professional experience ranged from 1 to 25 years, completed a survey measuring demographic variables, clinical training experiences, therapist characteristics, and a newly developed Perceived Comfort and Competence Discussing Sexuality Scale (PCCDSS). The PCCDSS makes a valuable contribution to the field by offering a promising tool with preliminary evidence of validity and reliability. Multiple regression analyses revealed that therapists’ perceived comfort and competence, years in the profession, and sexuality-related education and supervision experiences were significant predictors of their frequency of discussing sexuality with clients. Interestingly, sexual orientation also emerged as a meaningful contributor, suggesting that queer-identified therapists discuss sexuality more than their heterosexual counterparts. Moreover, findings indicated an indirect association between therapists’ sexual attitudes and their professional behavior, mediated through perceived comfort. Overall, the results successfully reflect existing trends described in prior international literature. The results also highlight the need to integrate sexuality more thoroughly into psychotherapy training in Türkiye, suggesting that enhanced educational opportunities and supportive environments may foster therapists’ readiness to address this essential dimension of human well-being in clinical practice.

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